NbS CBA Tool
Step 2

Step 2: Costs & Benefits

Identification & quantification

Costs

Design & Planning
Engineering consultancy
Environmental assessment
Stakeholder consultation
Permitting
Implementation
Land acquisition
Site preparation
Materials
Labor
Equipment rental
Project management
Maintenance (Annual)
Regular maintenance
Monitoring
Adaptive management
Opportunity Costs
Lost agricultural production
Foregone development value
Other
Total0

Benefits

Avoided Damages
Property damage prevention
Infrastructure protection
Business disruption prevention
Emergency response reduction
Environmental Co-Benefits
Carbon sequestration (t/yr × €/t)
Water quality improvement
Biodiversity enhancement
Soil quality improvement
Social Co-Benefits
Recreation value (visitors × €)
Health benefits
Aesthetic value
Educational opportunities
Economic Co-Benefits
Property value increase
Tourism revenue
Job creation
Reduced energy costs
Total0

Self-Check